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One selection filters the source overview, clinical facts, reports and dose calculator. Literature references are not species-filtered.
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Source overview
Recorded excerpts for one species. Each dose remains a separate source entry; no regimen is selected.
Choose one species to view its source overview. All-species evidence remains available below.
View full clinical evidence and sources ↓Clinical evidence
Pending clinical review (PROPOSED)— applies to the facts and dose entries in this species selection; individual source records retain their own status.
Indications3
Alopecia-X (Nordic breeds), recurrent/seasonal flank alopecia, pattern baldness, color-dilution alopecia; sleep-cycle disorders (geriatric nocturnal activity); phobia/separation-anxiety adjunct
DogNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Dog · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Indications table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Original excerpt: Alopecia-X (Nordic breeds), recurrent/seasonal flank alopecia, pattern baldness, color-dilution alopecia; sleep-cycle disorders (geriatric nocturnal activity); phobia/separation-anxiety adjunct — Supplement (unregulated)
- Dog · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Indications table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Estrus suppression (18 mg implants — short-term); sleep/behavior disorders
CatNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Cat · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Indications table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Original excerpt: Estrus suppression (18 mg implants — short-term); sleep/behavior disorders — Supplement
- Cat · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Indications table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Adrenal disease adjunct
FerretNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Ferret · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Indications table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Original excerpt: Adrenal disease adjunct — Supplement
- Ferret · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Indications table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Dose regimens7
This calculator performs arithmetic only on the sourced dosing field shown for each result — it does not verify the field's accuracy, does not select which field to use for a patient, and does not replace a veterinarian's order. Not for clinical use. Confirm every result against the primary source before dispensing.
Choose one species above to view its dose calculator.
Adverse effects135
Minimal; drowsiness — Only consistently reported effect
DogNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Dog · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
These are counts of spontaneously reported events, not proven adverse effects, causal relationships, or incidence rates.
Bars compare report counts within each species; they do not show incidence.
More reportsFewer reportsDog
- Diarrhoea41 reports
- Vomiting40 reports
- Lethargy (see also Central nervous system depression in 'Neurological')29 reports
- Decreased appetite26 reports
- Death by euthanasia21 reports
- Elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT)21 reports
- Other abnormal test result NOS21 reports
- Polydipsia21 reports
- Weight loss21 reports
- Emesis19 reports
- Lethargy (see also Central nervous system depression in Neurological)19 reports
- Polyuria19 reports
Cat
- Anaemia NOS2 reports
- Anorexia2 reports
- Abdominal effusion1 reports
- Aggression1 reports
- Agitation1 reports
- Ataxia1 reports
- Balance problem1 reports
- Cardiac enlargement1 reports
- Cardiomyopathy1 reports
- Constipation1 reports
- Deafness1 reports
- Death1 reports
Monitoring1
Hair regrowth (photo-document; 1–3 month improvement, 3–4 month verdict); sleep/behavior scores; drowsiness
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Monitoring Parameters · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Contraindications3
Pregnancy; immature animals; liver dysfunction
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Contraindications & Warnings table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Severe liver dysfunction
DogCatNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)2 source records · View provenance
- Dog · Table 1 (p.630), row: Melatonin, Contraindications column · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Manual
- Cat · Table 1 (p.630), row: Melatonin, Contraindications column · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Manual
Precautions4
Experimental status of derm uses — owner-release forms recommended (Paradis)
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Contraindications & Warnings table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
The dermatology-hormone-behavior crossover supplement: same molecule treats Nordic-breed alopecia-X, resets geriatric sleep cycles, calms storm-phobic dogs, and suppresses feline estrus (implants) — via photoperiod-axis biology.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Alopecia-X workflow: neuter first → melatonin 3-month trial (cheap, safe) before considering more invasive options.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Unregulated market: recommend reputable brands; effects are gentle, dosing is empirical — manage expectations.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Interactions3
Melatonin reduces cortisol/estradiol — Theoretical interactions with endocrine therapy
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Drug Interactions table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Sedatives — Additive drowsiness
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Drug Interactions table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Anticoagulants (human) — Possible interaction
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Drug Interactions table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Pharmacokinetics2
Mechanism — Pineal hormone; photoperiod/circadian signaling; reduces cortisol and estradiol levels
Other speciesNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Other species · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Pharmacokinetics table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Regulation — OTC supplement — no FDA potency standards; product quality varies
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Pharmacokinetics table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Pregnancy / lactation considerations1
Contraindicated: pregnancy, sexually immature animals (reproductive-axis effects); liver dysfunction caution.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 777–778; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Drug dosage chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629–632 — Pregnancy & Lactation · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Literature references20
References are linked to this drug. Species applicability is not recorded here, so the species filter does not narrow this list. Imported dates do not retain their original precision; confirm dates in the original citation.
- COMT1-dependent melatonin biosynthesis mediates Trichoderma asperellum-induced resistance to Cladosporium fulvum leaf mold in tomato.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Monochromatic green light programs the chicken embryo intestinal microbiota and mucosal barrier via the melatonin-Nrf2-nitrate-tryptophan pathway.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Effects of Melatonin Formulations on Caffeine-Evoked Cortical Activity and Pentobarbital-Induced Sleep in Mice.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Synergistic In Vitro Effects of Minor Phytocannabinoids and Melatonin Combinations Against Human Glioblastoma Cells.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Spermidine and melatonin ameliorate heat stress-induced decline in sheep semen quality.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
Sources: PubMed, National Library of Medicine; openFDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Perrin C, Seksel K, Landsberg GM. Appendix: Drug Dosage Chart. Vet Clin Small Anim 2014;44:629-632.; Plumb DC. Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook. 7th ed. PharmaVet Inc; 2011.
Owner information handout
Plain-language medication information to review with the owner. Open the handout to print it or download a PDF.