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Source overview
Recorded excerpts for one species. Each dose remains a separate source entry; no regimen is selected.
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View full clinical evidence and sources ↓Clinical evidence
Pending clinical review (PROPOSED)Rule-based (RULE_BASED)— applies to the facts and dose entries in this species selection; individual source records retain their own status.
Indications2
Acute oliguric renal failure, ↓intraocular pressure (acute glaucoma), ↓intracranial pressure (cerebral edema/TBI), enhanced elimination of some toxins (aspirin, some barbiturates, bromides, ethylene glycol)
DogCatExtra-label (EXTRA_LABEL)2 source records · View provenance
- Dog · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Indications table · Not applicable · Extra-label (EXTRA_LABEL) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Original excerpt: Acute oliguric renal failure, ↓intraocular pressure (acute glaucoma), ↓intracranial pressure (cerebral edema/TBI), enhanced elimination of some toxins (aspirin, some barbiturates, bromides, ethylene glycol) — Extra-label
- Cat · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Indications table · Not applicable · Extra-label (EXTRA_LABEL) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Original excerpt: Acute oliguric renal failure, ↓intraocular pressure (acute glaucoma), ↓intracranial pressure (cerebral edema/TBI), enhanced elimination of some toxins (aspirin, some barbiturates, bromides, ethylene glycol) — Extra-label
- Dog · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Indications table · Not applicable · Extra-label (EXTRA_LABEL) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Dose regimens7
This calculator performs arithmetic only on the sourced dosing field shown for each result — it does not verify the field's accuracy, does not select which field to use for a patient, and does not replace a veterinarian's order. Not for clinical use. Confirm every result against the primary source before dispensing.
Choose one species above to view its dose calculator.
Adverse effects155
Fluid/electrolyte imbalance (esp. hypernatremia) — Most severe concern
DogCatNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)2 source records · View provenance
- Dog · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
- Cat · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Volume overload if oliguria persists — Significant risk
Other speciesNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Other species · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
GI (nausea, vomiting), cardiovascular (pulmonary edema, CHF, tachycardia), CNS (dizziness, headache) — Reported
Other speciesNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Other species · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
These are counts of spontaneously reported events, not proven adverse effects, causal relationships, or incidence rates.
Bars compare report counts within each species; they do not show incidence.
More reportsFewer reportsDog
- Limb weakness4 reports
- Death by euthanasia3 reports
- Lethargy (see also Central nervous system depression in 'Neurological')3 reports
- Neurological signs NOS3 reports
- Other abnormal test result NOS3 reports
- Addison's disease2 reports
- Agitation2 reports
- Anorexia2 reports
- Ataxia2 reports
- Behavioural disorder NOS2 reports
- Blindness2 reports
- Cyanosis2 reports
Cat
- Ataxia2 reports
- Lethargy (see also Central nervous system depression in Neurological)2 reports
- Vocalisation2 reports
- Abnormal cytology1 reports
- Abnormal menace reflex test1 reports
- Abnormal pupil light reflex1 reports
- Anorexia1 reports
- Azotaemia1 reports
- Behavioural disorder NOS1 reports
- Cardiac disorder NOS1 reports
- Decreased appetite1 reports
- Dilated renal pelvis1 reports
Monitoring1
Urine output, hydration status, serum electrolytes/osmolality (target ≤320 mOsm/L to limit renal vasoconstriction risk); IOP or ICP as clinically indicated
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Monitoring Parameters · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Contraindications1
Anuria secondary to renal disease, severe dehydration, severe pulmonary congestion/edema
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Contraindications & Warnings table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Precautions4
Do not give more than a test dose until renal function/urine output confirmed; avoid in hypovolemic patients (worsens hypotension — consider hypertonic saline instead); relatively contraindicated in secondary glaucoma (may cross damaged blood-aqueous barrier and raise IOP); halt if progressive heart failure/pulmonary congestion/renal decline develops
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Contraindications & Warnings table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Confirm the patient is not anuric and is adequately volume-replete before starting — mannitol given to a dehydrated or anuric patient can precipitate serious volume overload/electrolyte crisis.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
For traumatic brain injury/cerebral edema, rapid bolus administration is preferred over slow infusion to achieve the plasma-expanding/ICP-lowering effect.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Always administer through an in-line 5-micron filter and ensure crystals are fully dissolved — mannitol tends to crystallize at room/cold temperature.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Interactions3
Lithium — ↑ renal elimination of lithium
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Drug Interactions table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Sotalol — ↑ QT-prolongation risk via mannitol's electrolyte effects
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Drug Interactions table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Whole blood products — Do not co-administer unless ≥20 mEq/L NaCl added — risk of pseudo-agglutination
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Drug Interactions table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Pharmacokinetics3
Distribution — Extracellular compartment; does not cross intact blood-brain barrier or into eye at normal doses
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Pharmacokinetics table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Elimination — ~90% unchanged in urine; only 7–10% metabolized
Other speciesNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Other species · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Pharmacokinetics table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Onset/duration — ICP reduction: 10–20 min onset, lasts 2–5h; IOP reduction: 20–30 min onset, lasts 4–12h
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Pharmacokinetics table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Pregnancy / lactation considerations1
Human FDA category C. Unknown if excreted in milk; considered unlikely to pose significant risk.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 751–753; Saunders Handbook of Veterinary Drugs (Papich), 4th ed., p. 470–471 — Pregnancy & Lactation · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Literature references13
References are linked to this drug. Species applicability is not recorded here, so the species filter does not narrow this list. Imported dates do not retain their original precision; confirm dates in the original citation.
- Dietary mannitol improves salinity adaptation in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by enhancing ion regulation, energy metabolism and antioxidant defense.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Putative binding of Piper betle L. phytochemicals to mannitol pathway enzymes during sporulation of Eimeria tenella.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Effective inactivated lumpy skin disease vaccine for cattle using a field viral strain and Montanide 206.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Identification of the StPIFs Gene Family in Potato and Functional Analysis of StPIF4 Under Drought Stress.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Transcriptomic and network analysis reveal methionine sulfoxide reductases dependent regulation of flagellar motility in Salmonella Typhimurium.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
Sources: PubMed, National Library of Medicine; openFDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Plumb DC. Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook. 7th ed. PharmaVet Inc; 2011.
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