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Choose the species
One selection filters the source overview, clinical facts, reports and dose calculator. Literature references are not species-filtered.
Choose one species for its overview and dose calculator, or all species to browse the full evidence.
Source overview
Recorded excerpts for one species. Each dose remains a separate source entry; no regimen is selected.
Choose one species to view its source overview. All-species evidence remains available below.
View full clinical evidence and sources ↓Clinical evidence
Pending clinical review (PROPOSED)Rule-based (RULE_BASED)— applies to the facts and dose entries in this species selection; individual source records retain their own status.
Indications2
Lymphoma (incl. rescue), transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, mammary adenocarcinoma, renal adenocarcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, hemangiopericytoma
DogExtra-label (EXTRA_LABEL)1 source record · View provenance
- Dog · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Indications table · Not applicable · Extra-label (EXTRA_LABEL) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Original excerpt: Lymphoma (incl. rescue), transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, mammary adenocarcinoma, renal adenocarcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, hemangiopericytoma — Extra-label (human drug)
- Dog · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Indications table · Not applicable · Extra-label (EXTRA_LABEL) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Soft-tissue sarcomas; safer than doxorubicin in renal insufficiency (only ~10% renal clearance)
CatExtra-label (EXTRA_LABEL)1 source record · View provenance
- Cat · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Indications table · Not applicable · Extra-label (EXTRA_LABEL) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Original excerpt: Soft-tissue sarcomas; safer than doxorubicin in renal insufficiency (only ~10% renal clearance) — Extra-label
- Cat · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Indications table · Not applicable · Extra-label (EXTRA_LABEL) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Dose regimens4
This calculator performs arithmetic only on the sourced dosing field shown for each result — it does not verify the field's accuracy, does not select which field to use for a patient, and does not replace a veterinarian's order. Not for clinical use. Confirm every result against the primary source before dispensing.
Choose one species above to view its dose calculator.
Adverse effects91
Dose-dependent GI distress — Common
Other speciesNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Other species · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Bone marrow suppression — Dose-limiting
Other speciesNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Other species · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Lethargy, seizures — Reported
CatNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Cat · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Cardiac toxicity — Far less than doxorubicin (class design point)
Other speciesNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Other species · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Side Effects / Adverse Effects table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
These are counts of spontaneously reported events, not proven adverse effects, causal relationships, or incidence rates.
Bars compare report counts within each species; they do not show incidence.
More reportsFewer reportsDog
- Death4 reports
- Fever4 reports
- Anaemia NOS3 reports
- Anorexia3 reports
- Thrombocytopenia3 reports
- Ataxia2 reports
- Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)2 reports
- Lack of efficacy (neoplasia, no remission)2 reports
- Lethargy (see also Central nervous system depression in 'Neurological')2 reports
- Lethargy (see also Central nervous system depression in Neurological)2 reports
- Leucopenia NOS2 reports
- Not eating2 reports
Monitoring1
CBC (nadir checks), GI signs, hepatic values; neuro watch in cats (seizures)
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Monitoring Parameters · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Contraindications1
Myelosuppression, concurrent infection, impaired cardiac function, prior cytotoxics/radiation
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Contraindications & Warnings table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Precautions4
Hyperuricemia, hepatic impairment, hypersensitivity
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Contraindications & Warnings table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
The "doxorubicin for CKD cats" logic: minimal renal clearance (10%) removes the feline nephrotoxicity constraint that complicates doxorubicin — with less cardiotoxicity as a bonus.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Dose scale reminder: mitoxantrone ~6 mg/m² vs doxorubicin 30 mg/m² — a 5× mix-up is possible when switching protocols; read the drug name.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Cat seizures during therapy = mitoxantrone signal (rare but documented).
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Clinical pearl · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Interactions2
Other myelosuppressives — Additive
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Drug Interactions table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Hepatotoxic drugs — Additive liver burden
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Drug Interactions table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Pharmacokinetics3
Mechanism — DNA intercalation + electrostatic binding → DNA/RNA synthesis inhibition; S-phase predilection, non-specific overall
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Pharmacokinetics table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Distribution — Liver/heart/thyroid/RBC concentration; 78% protein-bound; tissue release slow → t½ ~5 days (human)
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Pharmacokinetics table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Excretion — Only ~10% renal — hepatic metabolism dominant
CatNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Cat · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Pharmacokinetics table · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Pregnancy / lactation considerations1
Likely teratogenic (class) — avoid.
Species not recordedNot applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE)1 source record · View provenance
- Species not recorded · Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook, 7th ed., p. 855–856 — Pregnancy & Lactation · Not applicable · Not applicable (NOT_APPLICABLE) · Pending clinical review (PROPOSED) · Rule-based
Literature references17
References are linked to this drug. Species applicability is not recorded here, so the species filter does not narrow this list. Imported dates do not retain their original precision; confirm dates in the original citation.
- The essential role of heparan sulfate in the entry of PDCoV and other porcine coronaviruses.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- A smart amphiphilic nanoplatform amplifies ROS-mediated immunogenic cell death to suppress bladder cancer growth and metastasis.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Olaparib has synergistic effects with DNA damaging agents in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Antitumor Effect of Curcumin, D6 Turmeric, and Hydrochloride Mitoxantrone on Canine and Human Urothelial Cancer Cells.
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
- Comparison of outcomes in feline intermediate- to large-cell lymphoma treated with CMOP (cyclophosphamide, mitoxantrone, vincristine and prednisolone) instead of CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone).
Study summary not available in the imported record. Open the original citation to review the study.
Sources: PubMed, National Library of Medicine; openFDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration; Plumb DC. Plumb's Veterinary Drug Handbook. 7th ed. PharmaVet Inc; 2011.
Owner information handout
Plain-language medication information to review with the owner. Open the handout to print it or download a PDF.